What is Psoriatic Arthritis?
Psoriatic Arthritis is a chronic autoimmune disease that causes joint inflammation and is commonly associated with psoriasis,
a skin condition that leads to red, scaly patches. It can affect the joints, tendons, spine, and nails, causing pain, swelling, and stiffness.
Early diagnosis and treatment are important to prevent joint damage and improve quality of life.
Common Symptoms of Psoriatic Arthritis
Symptoms may vary from person to person and can range from mild to severe. Common signs include:
- Joint pain, swelling, and stiffness
- Morning stiffness lasting more than 30 minutes
- Swollen fingers or toes (“sausage digits”)
- Lower back pain or spinal stiffness
- Nail pitting or separation
- Fatigue
- Red, scaly skin patches from psoriasis
- Reduced range of motion
Causes and Risk Factors
Psoriatic Arthritis occurs when the immune system mistakenly attacks healthy joints and tissues. Factors that may increase risk include:
- Personal or family history of psoriasis
- Genetic predisposition
- Immune system dysfunction
- Stress or infections
- Obesity
Psoriatic Arthritis Diagnosis
Diagnosis is based on a detailed evaluation, which may include:
- Joint and skin assessment
- Blood tests
- X-rays, ultrasound, or MRI
- Inflammatory marker testing
Treatment Options
Treatment focuses on reducing inflammation, controlling symptoms, and preventing joint damage.
- Anti-inflammatory medications
- Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs)
- Biologic therapies
- Physical therapy
- Lifestyle and weight management
- Exercise programs
- Skin psoriasis management
When to Seek Medical Advice
- Persistent joint pain or swelling
- Difficulty performing daily activities
- Joint stiffness that does not improve
Early treatment can slow disease progression and improve long-term outcomes.
