Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks the lining of the joints,
causing inflammation, pain, and swelling. If left untreated, RA can lead to joint damage and disability.
Rheumatoid arthritis primarily affects the joints, especially the hands, wrists, and feet, but it can also involve other organs such as the lungs, heart, and eyes.
It typically affects joints on both sides of the body (symmetrical pattern).
The exact cause of rheumatoid arthritis is unknown, but several factors may increase risk, including:
Diagnosis involves a combination of physical examination, blood tests, and imaging studies.
Early treatment is essential to prevent joint damage.
Seek medical care if you experience persistent joint pain, swelling, or stiffness—especially if symptoms affect both sides of the body.
